Determinants of Job Satisfaction of Civil Servants in Bhutan

A Case of Wangdue Dzongkhag Administration

Abstract

Job satisfaction of employees is one of the most important and complex concepts that form the basis for management strategies to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of an organization. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the determinants of job satisfaction such as work environment, pay and allowances, promotion, training and development, and job satisfaction in the Bhutanese context. The study sample consisted of 76 civil servants working in Wangdue Dzongkhag (district) Administration. The data were collected through a questionnaire survey and Google form and analyzed using SPSS 23. The Pearson correlation analysis was performed to find out the relationship between the independent variables (determinants of job satisfaction) and a dependent variable (job satisfaction). Similarly, linear regression and multiple regression analysis were performed to further understand the strength and types of relationship. The results of Pearson correlation and regression analysis indicate that the work environment (rp = 0.603, p < 0.01, R2 = 0.364, B = 0.460), and training and development (rp = 0.583, p < 0.01, R2 = 0.340, B = 0.383) have strong significant positive relationships with job satisfaction. However, other determinants such as pay and allowances (rp = 0.436, p < 0.01, R2 = 0.190, B = 0.283) and promotion (rp = 0.395, p < 0.01, R2 = 0.156, B = 0.288) have moderate relationships with job satisfaction. The result for multiple regression analysis shows that all the determinants have a strong correlation (R = 0.624, R2 = 0.481, p < 0.01) with job satisfaction and these determinants determine 48.1 percent of the total satisfaction level perceived by the employee. The findings indicate that the work environment is the strongest predictor of job satisfaction as compared to other determinants.