Public Service Motivation Among the Civil Servants in Thimphu

Abstract

Public service motivation (PSM) is a relatively new concept in motivational approaches, generally defined the inner drive in the individual to contribute to society, supported by their beliefs, values, and attitudes, which transcend self-interest for the public good. This research assesses the level of public service motivation among employees of the Bhutanese Civil Service. Conducted in Thimphu, the study sampled 383 respondents from the 8,546 civil servants working in the capital city, representing approximately 30% of the total civil service workforce. When examining civil servants' motivations for joining the service, it is disheartening to find that only 27.75% expressed a desire to serve the nation and society, while other reasons were more aligned with personal goals such as job security, capacity development, earnings, networking, and social status. However, when assessing civil servants' values, beliefs, and attitudes using structured PSM instruments, respondents generally agreed (though not strongly) that they are committed to contributing to the public good regardless of their diverse reasons for joining the civil service. Traditional approaches to motivation are becoming outdated, evidenced by increasing attrition among civil servants. PSM offers a potential solution by reigniting employees' inner motivational drive and providing a platform where passion can align with public purpose. However, achieving this requires serious introspection by both employers and employees, viewing their jobs as a calling rather than merely completing tasks and prioritizing personal goals.